Five thousand miles from home

Alexander Spowart Izatt is now five thousand miles from home and misses his friends “Big Sandy” Izatt, Robert Rankin, and certainly Jeanette Williamson. He met Jeanette in October of 1861 and they formed a romantic bond before he left Scotland. (See Part 1)  According to one report, Alexander had fallen in love with young Jeanette.⁸

He was a romantic fellow and his feelings may have been captured in the verses of his favorite poet Robert Burns:

A Red, Red Rose by Robert Burns

O, my luve’s like a red, red rose
That’s newly sprung in June;
O, my luve’s like the melodie
That’s sweetly play’d in tune.

As fair art thou, my bonnie lass,
So deep in luve am I:
And I will luve thee still, my dear,
Till a’ the seas gang dry.

Till a’ the seas gang dry, my dear,
And the rocks melt wi’ the sun:
I will luve thee still, my dear,
While the sands o’ life shall run.

And fare thee weel, my only luve!
And fare thee weel, a while!
And I will come again, my luve,
Tho’ it were ten thousand mile.

Voyage of the John J. Boyd, April 30, 1863

Jennette was soon on her way to America. She left Liverpool accompanied by her nineteen-year-old sister Marion Williamson and their mother, Agnes Lawson, on a three mast sailing ship, the John J. Boyd. It sailed with about 850 passengers on April 30, 1863. The ship record said Janet was 17, however, she was not yet 16.

Jeanette’s voyage was much calmer than Alexander’s a year earlier. There were no major storms. Yet, five died during this trip across the Atlantic.¹⁹ No one died the year before on the voyage of the Manchester.

The first burial at sea was a public ceremony. They wrapped the old man up in a blanket, head to the east, tied coal to his feet and laid him on a plank. While reading the sermon they tipped the plank and down he went into the water. Some of the people watching screamed and some fainted. They never let them see anything like that again.¹⁹

Like the passengers on the Manchester, they also saw some whales and a few icebergs. However, with no major storms or headwinds they made the trip in just 29 days instead of 38. They arrived at Castle Gardens, New York on May 29, 1863.¹⁹

Train derailed

To avoid the southern rebels, Jeanette’s train route from New York went north through Canada precisely as Alexander’s had done in 1862. However, this year, they saw railroad wrecks and destruction along the way.

When they traveled through Missouri the American Civil War became real to the immigrants. All the passenger cars were destroyed, so they had to ride in cattle cars with straw on the floor and no seats.^19,20

Near a soldier’s camp in Missouri, saboteurs placed logs on the tracks to derail the train. The train hit the blockade which threw everyone forward to one end of the car. Women and children were screaming and crying. A few were hurt.¹⁹
They placed the derailed cars back on the tracks and they continued on to St. Joseph.

The John R. Murdock ox wagon company

Jeanette Williamson, her mother and sister made the journey to Salt Lake in the John R. Murdock ox team company. We know her company, only by the story written by Ellen Izatt Stoddard. Williamsons are not recorded in the Utah Mormon Pioneer Overland Travel Database, 1847-1868. However, Ellen wrote: “My mother-in-law, Emma (Eckersly) Stoddard, came with the same company as my mother” (Jeanette Williamson).¹

The John R. Murdock company left with 55 wagons pulled by oxen teams on June 29, 1863. There were between 275 and 375 pioneers in this company.²¹ All who were old enough and healthy enough to walk, had to walk most of the way.²²

Ellen Stoddard’s mother-in-law told her that her grandmother (Agnes Leatham Williamson Lawson) and her family added greatly to the crossing.  They were fine singers and musicians and almost every night participated in the campfire concerts where the trials of the day were forgotten and strength obtained for the next day’s travels.“¹

They arrived in Salt Lake City on August 29, 1863.

The marriage of Alexander and Jeanette

When they arrived in Utah, Jeanette’s mother made her life miserable because she wanted her to marry a man she did not like. Her mother had persuaded her sister, Marion, to marry Andrew Christensen. He was not her choice. Nevertheless, they were married on October 3, 1863, one month after the Williamsons arrived in Salt Lake.⁵

Jeanette’s health was not good, and the conflict with her mother made it worse. Her mother told Alexander she was sick to discourage his pursuit of her daughter.

Alexander told her he was not worried and they were getting married. He would marry her, he said, even if she had but one day left on this earth.⁵ They were married in the endowment house in Salt Lake City on February 27, 1864.

They were very poor, having nothing but the clothes they wore. The church leaders asked Uncle William to settle in the Cache Valley, which he did. He told Alexander he would give him a city lot there. Some of the family did not like it, but his uncle knew he deserved it.⁵

William Izatt’s family back in Scotland

James Gallacher received the first letter from William in Salt Lake City on December 17, 1862. That day he wrote in his journal: “It was a good letter and breaths the spirit of the Gospel – answers a good many questions that I asked him relative to the journey”. The letter was then taken to Rutherglen and read to William’s wife, Grace. “At home, Grandma was very proud to hear the letter read and hear her husband was landed safe – so far away – 8000 miles.”¹⁰

The next day, December 18, 1862, after making plans for a big days work, James Gallacher’s plans were “knocked on the head by Sis. G. (his wife Janet) being seized with labour pains.” She gave birth on that date to a son they named Alexander Gallacher. With the birth of their grandson, William and Grace graduated in James journal from the title of “my father-in-law”, and “my mother-in-law” to “Grandfather” and “Grandma”.¹⁰

Grace Izatt’s “mental derangement”

On April 19, 1863, James wrote two letters to William in Salt Lake. One from himself and one from William’s wife Grace. The next day, when he took the letter to read to Grace, he got a very cold reception. And, she would not say whether the letter he wrote was good or bad. She then ordered him to no longer send her bread, and to no more bring her clothes to wash, as she is not going to be anybody’s drudge. James was very much grieved at her state of mind.

The mighty offence Grace felt was a mystery to both James and his wife Janet. Janet went to Rutherglen the next day to visit her mother to see what could be done. However, she was astonished that she would only hint that James said something, about something to someone. Grace could not explain the problem and James and Janet came to the conclusion that the offense was only in her mind.

They decided to have their son, Big Sandy, come often and tell them how things were at home with his mother. However, even two weeks later on May 3, Big Sandy told them that “Grandma was no way cooled down yet”.  And, on May 16, Grace came in from Rutherglen and “did some very foolish things and looked as wild as ever”.

Finally, on June 11, James took a letter from Grace’s son-in-law, John Campbell in America to share with Grace. “She seems to have nearly recovered from her mental derangement”, he wrote.¹⁰

Departure of the General McClellan

March 15, 1864 Janet Gallacher went to Rutherglen to tell her family they received a letter from the valley containing an order for 25 pounds for Grace Izatt and her children’s emigration to Utah this spring.¹⁰

A concert and ball for the benefit of Grace and her family was held on the 13th but turned out to be “a very bad affair”. Perhaps the Saints left behind in Scotland were getting burned out by fundraisers.

On May 16th James, prepared to send off his wife’s family. He worked hard and late to bring in “Granma’s” things from Rutherglen.¹⁰   James and Janet planned to bring their family at a later date. 

The General McClellan set sail from Liverpool on May 21, 1864. It was raining that day, so inspection of the passengers had to be done below deck. Not withstanding the inconvenience and discomfort, no unkind word or ill natured remark was heard from the Saints during the proceedings.^23a

Grace Izatt (53), Alexander Izatt aka Big Sandy (20), David Izatt (19), William Izatt (11), James Izatt (9) and Thomas Gallacher (12) were among the 861 passengers listed.²³

Who is Thomas Gallacher?

Thomas Gallacher age 12, listed as traveling with the Izatt family, is a puzzle. He is not Thomson Gallacher who would be age 12. Thomson was a twin daughter of James and Janet Robertson Gallacher. Thomson came to America on the “Colorado” in 1868.

Calm before the storm

The Captain of the General McClellan took the far north course to avoid confederates on the ocean. In the north Atlantic, they saw some large icebergs. One, which appeared in form of a lion, floated across their path.^23b

On June 9, the wind stopped and there was a dead calm. There was not a puff of wind to ruffle the water. It was an eerie feeling to see their ship sit powerless on the great ocean of water as smooth as a sheet of glass.^23b

Then during the night of calm, the wind commenced to blow and by 4 am the storm became a full gale. The ship began to pitch and dive. Buckets and boxes slid to-and-fro across the deck spilling their contents. The heavy sea completely engulfed the bow of the ship and torrents of water found its way down the forecastle hatchway. The man on lookout and the man at the wheel were almost swept away. The rushing sound of water and creaking timber caused the women and children cry out in panic, fearing that the vessel had stuck an iceberg and would sink in the depth of the sea. However, the fears of the people were soon quieted by the reassuring words of the first officer, who cried below, “All’s right.“^23bcde

The storm subsided by 10 am on June 11, and a peaceful breeze again filled the sails. Their experience was a vivid reminder to all aboard that they were truly in the hands of the “Master of ocean, and earth, and skies”.^23cd

The pleasure of seeing land

The ship anchored in New York on June 23. The passengers remained on the ship one day to wait for the crowds through Castle Garden to dissipate. From the deck they admired the beautiful scenery of the New York harbor.  What gave this scene extra charm, no doubt, was the pleasure of seeing land once again after 32 days of viewing only a great expanse of water.^23bd

Travel through the Civil War zone

The United States was still in the midst of the Civil War and the government was using the railroads for the movement of war supplies and troops. Also, there were many broken bridges and uptorn railways.^23c The Izatt family, among the four hundred and fifty other immigrants bound for Zion, boarded the St. John, a large beautiful steamer which took them up the Hudson river to Albany.

At Albany they got aboard the train to Rochester. They arrived early the next morning, but were delayed there until 2 pm. In Buffalo and also Port Huron, in consequence of their detention, they were kindly presented with a large quantity of biscuits and cheese. This was distributed among the Saints, a large portion of whom were needy and were traveling with little or no food of their own.^23f.

They then traveled to Chicago and to Saint Joseph, Missouri. Passenger cars often were not available, but they were fortunate to secure transportation in cattle cars when necessary.^23b

At St. Joseph, they were on alert for “gorillas”, as a hostile band of rebels attacked there a fortnight before.^23d They occupied for the night a large shed-room attached to the warehouses of the Steampacket Company. Every able-bodied man was stationed as a guard, watching the safety and property of those who slept. Some preferred sleeping in the open-air, because of the suffocating heat, the likes of which, many from the old country had never experienced before.^23f

The next morning, the company took a small river boat, the West Wind, up the dirty waters of the Missouri River. They landed at Wyoming, Nebraska on the evening of July 3, giving thanks to Heavenly Father for His protecting hand. ^23de

“Novelty and Pleasures”

They were met at Wyoming, Nebraska by teams of oxen and teamsters from Utah preparatory to their 1,100 mile journey.^23cf The Mormon boys with their big bull whips and their wide rimmed hats seemed rather odd to the new arrivals, as they had never seen anything like this before.^23b

Some slept in wagons, others under tents, and others, again, with nothing but the sky to cover them. This change in their mode of life, however, had its novelty and pleasures.^23f

The Izatts were part of the William S. Warren company of about 400 immigrants composed of English, Scots, Welsh, and a few Germans and Danes. There were 65 wagons. They began their journey on July 22, 1864.^24a

All who were able had to walk.^24b Alexander (Big Sandy) Izatt was called on to walk along and heard the cattle.²⁵

The Plum Creek Massacre

There were reports of Indian raids along the Platt River on July 17, so the four immigrant trains lead by John Smith, A Canfield, W. Hyde and W. S. Warren traveled close together “to effectually resist any hostile attack”.^24c There were about 210 wagons in all.^24b

Two small mule trains, consisting of 16 wagons heading for Denver,²⁵ traveled along with the Mormons for protection. After a while, however, they got impatient with the slow ox train and pushed ahead.^24d

On August 8, 1864, Lieutenant Joseph Bone of the Iowa 7th Cavalry at Plum Creek Station sent a telegraph message to Fort Kearney calling for help.²⁵

In response, a group of US Army soldiers, riding swiftly west from Fort Kearney, soon passed the ox train. They told the pioneers that the Indians were attacking and burning the wagons in the mule train just a few miles ahead them.^24b

Some 100 Cheyenne warriors swept down on the mule trains from the bluffs to the south. The teams began to scatter. One mule train, with ten drivers and a cook, belonged to E. F. Morton of Sidney, Iowa.²⁵ All of the men were killed and Morton’s wife Nancy, age 19, was taken captive. After, she was thrust up behind a Cheyenne rider, she noticed she had arrows in her thigh and left side.²⁶

The other mule train with six wagons was loaded with corn and machinery. It belonged to Michael Kelley of St. Joseph, Missouri. In this train, all the men were killed and a young boy, Dannie Marble, was captured.²⁵

Their 50 mules were driven away by the Indians.²⁵

As the pioneers passed the scene they saw the burning wagons and horses shot full of arrows.^24b Some saw the bodies of the men lying where the Indians had killed them.^24e Others, who were with the later wagons, saw the fifteen graves the soldiers dug for them.²⁴

They past several ranches and stations that were burned. One pioneer stopped to bury a man laying in the smoldering remains of his house.^24b

“Teeth chattering with fear”

It was a terrifying night. Homes were seen burning along the horizon.^24f There was heavy guard set up around the cattle and camp that evening. One guard counted fourteen Indians crossing the river not far from camp. As he passed by some of the wagons, he could hear people’s teeth chattering with fear.^24b At midnight, they heard them coming, shouting their war hoops. When they got about half way around the camp, the men fired on them. Finding the camp prepared for them, the Indians fled.^24e

 

“A thousand tepees”

As the ox teams started their journey the next morning, (presumably August 9), the pioneers could see, about a mile from the road, more than a thousand tepees of Cheyanne and Sioux Indians.

As they drove along, four Indians came toward the train at full speed. Every man grabbed his gun thinking it might be an attack. The lead Indian had a short shot gun. He dashed into the train and began snapping his empty gun at the women and girls, making them scream. Since his gun did not go off, they decided not to shoot him. The other three Indians grabbed him and took him away. The fellow was drunk.^24b

The Stampede

“The next morning”, (presumably August 10), they were about to start the train, “and as quick as a clap of thunder” there was a stampede. It tipped over wagons and spread goods and provisions along the road. The cattle ran about 300 yards and then stopped as suddenly as they began. Some oxen were crippled or had broken horns. Broken wagons had to be repaired or abandoned and loads put on other wagons.^24bg

Note: None of the stories I read speculate on the cause of the stampede, nor do they reference any association with the Indian troubles. However, it apparently occurred very close to the time of the Indian raids, and stampeding cattle was one of the Indian’s tactics.

Elizabeth Boyle and Alexander (Big Sandy)

George Boyle was a boot maker by trade, and quite well to do. His family, like the Izatts, had traveled from Scotland on the General McClellan. Now, they were traveling together in the same wagon company. Boyle’s daughter, Elizabeth, was not happy about leaving her good life and boy friend behind in Scotland. She often expressed an uncongenial disposition toward her father for taking her on an expedition that rivaled the journey of Lehi to the land of promise in the Book of Mormon.

Big Sandy Izatt was very attracted to the fair Elizabeth who had dark curly hair and beautiful blue eyes. His challenge was to get her to notice him. She tried to ignore him and had nothing to say to him. Nevertheless, Alexander was persistent. He coaxed her to walk along with him as he drove the cattle each day. Eventually, she accepted the offer.²⁷

They picked bull berries together near South Pass. And then down the canyons of Utah, they waded or crossed bridges over the stream forty-six times,^24b as they walked together the rest of the way to Salt Lake City.²⁷

“Gratifying assurance”

On August 24, the Salt Lake Telegraph published that the Overland Stage, coming from the east, had seen the immigrant trains. They were about 100 miles west of Fort Kearney on August 11. This was “gratifying assurance that none of them have suffered or probably will suffer from the existing Indian uprising on the Platte”.^24c

The ox train arrived in Salt Lake City on October 4. On the 5th, the SL Telegraph reported that Captain William S. Warren’s company of 400 immigrants arrived yesterday, “having made a good trip since July 22nd. One birth and twenty-six deaths occurred on the journey, the sickness was chiefly dysentery. Thirty head of cattle also died on the road.”^24a

Welcome to Logan, Utah

William welcomed his wife Grace and children to Utah and Alexander S. was glad to see his cousin and best friend, Big Sandy. They were soon on their way to their new home in Logan. A stage coach line was now operating between Salt Lake City and Logan, but they made the 80 mile trip by wagon.

In 1864, the roads and streets in Logan had recently been surveyed. There was a sawmill, a dam was built on the Logan River for irrigation, there was a general store and Logan Hall in the center of town for large gatherings.  The first school was a 40 by 60 foot log house with dirt floors and a roof. Inside the were spilt log seats without backs. It was lite by candles that were held by jack knives stuck in the cracks of the walls.²

Like many others in Logan at that time, William and Grace lived in a dugout with crude homemade furniture. It was described as “a hole in the mountain, fourteen feet square and a dirt floor”.²⁸

William’s son, Big Sandy got work as a rock mason in Salt Lake City and continued to court the girl he walked with on the trail. Elizabeth Boyle was working as a housekeeper. They got married in the Endowment house in Salt Lake on June 2, 1865, and moved to Logan in 1866.²

Little Sandy also worked as a rock mason and started going by his initials A. S. Izatt to avoid being confused with his cousin.

Alexander Spowart Izatt built a little log house for himself and Jeanette. It had dirt floors, no windows and a door built from boards. It was about as good as any in Cache County in those days.²

William Andrew Izatt, the brother of Alexander S, married Ellen McNeil in Salt Lake City on November 2, 1867. They moved to Logan and lived next to Little Sandy for a while.²

There was considerable tension at this time between the settlers and the Indians. The Shoshone gathered on the eastern hills and built great fires where they performed war dances. Settlers below trembled for their lives. Brigham Young’s counsel was to “feed them, don’t fight them”. Often they walked into homes and demanded whatever attracted them.²⁹

Jane Angus in Scotland

In 1863, Jane Angus was almost 18. She lived in Rutherglen, Scotland with her mother, and her 26-year-old sister. They were staunch Presbyterians. Jane went to Bible school and loved the Bible. Her favorite part was Jesus’ Sermon on the Mount.³⁰

When Little Sandy left Scotland in 1862, it seemed to take the life out of the old gang .⁵  He was well liked and a pretty good singer. Big Sandy and others missed him a lot.  Jane Angus knew that he went to America, but no one would tell her why he went.⁹

Jane became friends with Violet Swand and often visited her home. She didn’t know Violet was a Latter-day Saint until one evening she said, “I am going to church, do you want to come?” She went her where she heard a talk by Elder Alexander Duncan. It really impressed her. She became interested and always attended meetings after that.⁹

She knew there would be trouble at home if she told the folks, so she kept it to her self. However, some way her sister heard she was attending Mormon meetings and told her mother. Between the two of them, they turned her out in the street.⁹

A Latter-day Saint family took her in, and on Mach 11, 1865 she was baptized a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Elder Daniel Burlington. He had helped her get set up in Glasgow, where she worked until 1868.⁹

Jane Angus’ voyage on the John Bright, June 4, 1868

On June 4, 1868, Jane Angus set sail for America, fulfilling her own prophecy she made as a child, “Someday, I’m going to Zion”.⁹

She boarded the John Bright in Liverpool with group of 722 joyful Latter-day Saints. At a meeting called on deck, Elder C. W. Penrose made a few remarks and gave a prayer, dedicating the vessel and those aboard to the care and protection of Almighty God. The hymn Come, Come Ye Saints was sung followed by three hearty cheers!^31a

Jane traveled with William Low and his family. Low was a tailor and the President of the Rutherglen Branch. He brought his wife, Ellen (37) and his five children, Mary (14), William (11), David (8), Andrew (6) and Jemima (18 months). I am sure Jane (23) could be very helpful to the Low family.

It was intended that this group of immigrants cross the Atlantic by steam ship. However, the price for steam ship passage was too high for those with limited means. Therefore, the voyage was made by a sailing vessel like those before.^31a

Some passengers commented on the very rough seas, however, it was a comparatively smooth voyage with little sea sickness. They arrived safely in New York on July 14.

That evening, one immigrant family went up town to get some bread and cheese. The mother saw some beautiful red fruit and bought some. Her family tried to eat them but couldn’t. That was their first experience with tomatoes.^31b

The last group of Pioneers

The next day they were on the train heading west. They passed Rochester and on July 17 arrived at the Suspension Bridge. They stopped there for four hours to enjoy the scenery at Niagara Falls.^31c They then traveled to Detroit, Chicago and all the way to Omaha on the train.

The new Union Pacific Railroad line now went from Omaha to Laramie City. The fare from New York to Omaha was $14, but to go all the way to Laramie City cost $35. The extra $21 was waved for anyone willing to stop for a while and do some labor on the railroad.^31a

At 8 am on July 22, their Locomotive passed Grand Island, Nebraska. It was now a big station and a town with many houses. They viewed from the comfort of their passenger car window, two prairie fires and a large Indian camp. At 7:00 pm they passed the river to North Platte. The next day they saw more large Indian camps, some antelope and many other animals. In the evening they arrived at the station at Laramie City. They stayed in the cars during the night.^31c

The church sent mule teams to take the immigrants from Laramie City to Salt Lake. On July 24 at 4 am they were told to get up, take their baggage out of the train and load it on the mule train. They traveled a few miles then set up camp by the river, washed their clothes and bathed. It was very pleasant.^31c

Most of the company walked along with the mule train from Laramie and arrived in Salt Lake on August 19, 1868. This was the last year the Church sent teams to bring the immigrants across the desert and mountains. The transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869.

James Gallacher’s children on the Colorado, July 14, 1868

James Gallacher’s children from his first wife, Janet Robinson Gallacher, John (18), Elizabeth (16), Thomson (16), and William (15) came to America on the steamship Colorado on July 14, 1868. They crossed the Atlantic in two weeks. The sailing ship that transported Jane Angus in June, took six weeks.³²

When they arrived in Salt Lake, John Gallacher took his two twin sisters by ox team to Logan to stay with their step grand parents, William and Grace Izatt.  John must have been very disappointed to find the Izatts living in a 14 foot square dugout, and that there was no employment for him in Logan. John helped the Izatts for a couple of days, then got some blankets and cut himself a willow staff and walked all the way back to Salt Lake City.²⁸

James and Janet Gallacher on the Manhattan, September 22, 1869

James (40) and his wife Janet (34), the daughter of William and Grace Izatt, left Liverpool on September 22, 1869 on the steam ship Manhattan. They brought the four youngest Gallachers, James Jr. (7), Alexander (4), Grace (3) and Andrew (infant).³³

Steam ship passage and the completion of the transcontinental railroad made an amazing improvement in travel. The Gallachers arrived in New York on October 7 and they got off the train in Ogden, Utah on October 16, 1869. Their entire trip took 24 days.

In 1862, just seven years earlier, William and Alexander S. Izatt’s entire trip from Liverpool to Salt Lake City took 152 days. After 24 days of travel, they were still in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean.

To be continued. 

Chapter E15- Alexander Spowart Izatt, Part 3- Cache Valley

Alexander and Jeanette’s Cache Valley home. “The angel of Providence” saves Alexander and his family. Alexander’s dream and Wilford Woodruff’s prophecy of the Logan Temple. Building the tabernacle and the temple. Alexander’s home, family and garden. The unusual Utah crop grown in Alexander’s garden. How Big Alexander narrowly escaped a coal mine disaster. Why Big Alexander didn’t like his house.

Summary Page 4- Alexander Spowart Izatt Family History

© Copyright Dennis D. Chamberlain, All rights reserved. The Chamberlain Story, 2021.

References:

1- Ellen Izatt Stoddard, A Brief Sketch of My Life. Personal family record

2- Marva Lawrence, History of William Izatt (1812) and Grace Adamson Izatt (1811) Familysearch.org, memories.

5- Jane Angus Izatt, My Dear Children, A History of Our Coming to Utah, Familysearch.org.

7- Cyrus L. Clark (grandson), A History of Alexander Izatt (“Big Sandy”, son of William Izatt and Grace

8- Jeanette McNeil, A Sketch of the Life of Alexander Spowart Izatt, Familysearch.org, memories.

9- Pioneer Lady of Logan Tells story, Jane Angus Izatt, Familysearch.org, memories.

10- James Gallacher, The Journal of James Buchannon Gallacher, Part 2. Familysearch.org.

19- Saints by Sea, The story of Mary Charlotte Jacobs Soffe, LDS.org

20- Saints by Sea, Autobiography of John Lingren. LDS.org

21- John R. Murdock Company, 1863, historyofthechurchofjesuschrist.org

22- Anna O. Rigby, Life of Sophia Eckersley Rigby, memories, Familysearch.org.

23- Saints by Sea, General McClellan, Liverpool to New York, 21 May 1864 – 23 Jun 1864

a- A Compilation of General Voyage Notes
b- Journal of David Coombs
c- Autobiography of Christopher Alston
d- Autobiography of Jane L. Sprunt Warner Garner
e- Letter of Thomas Evans Jeremy – June 19, 1864
f- Letter of Thomas Evans Jeremy – July 2, 1864

24- Pioneer database, https://history.churchofjesuschrist.org/overlandtravel/

a- “Got In” Salt Lake Daily Telegraph, 5 October, 1864
b- Robert L. Ashby, Family History of Thomas Waters Cropper, p22-26, (1957)
c- “The Incoming Trains”, Salt Lake Daily Telegraph, 24 August,1864
d- Ada Alice McDuff Rampton, Called at the Age of Sixty, Davis Clipper, September 16, 1910.
e- Eliza Duncombe Fletcher, Life of Eliza Duncombe Fletcher
f- Edwin Stott, A Sketch of My Life, Utah Historical Quarterly, October,1941

25- Cheyenne War of 1864, Nebraska, LegendsofAmerica.com

26- Michael Trevis, Plum Creek Massacre, Lexington, Nebraska, forttours.com

27- Georgina Izatt Clark, Story of Elizabeth Boyle, Familysearch.org

28- William and Grace Adamson Izatt shared their Pioneer Dugout Home, by unknown, Familysearch.com

29- Joel Ricks, Logan Fifth Ward History, 1950, FamilySearch.org

30- Eva Faye Izatt,  Jane Angus Izatt, (written in the 1930s by granddaughter)

31- Saints by Sea

a- Liverpool to New York 4 June 1868 – 14 July 1868, General Voyage Notes
b- Autobiographical Sketch of Mary Ann Williams Jenkins
c- Diary of Michael Mathisen

32- Saints by Sea, the Colorado, July 14, 1868

33- Saints by Sea, the Manhattan, September 22, 1869